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Commercial storage opens new trading options while reducing electricity costs

Solar Investors Guide #7 – Commercial storage systems

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Energy costs shape competitiveness in both global and local markets. As fossil and nuclear prices continue to rise, solar and wind are no longer marginal technologies but increasingly represent the smart money in power generation.

Leon Zhang (right) is President of LONGi Solar Europe

LONGi Solar: modules and storage from a single source

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CEO Talk: The utility business in Europe is growing and increasingly challenging. Solar fields now come with large batteries, and suppliers must meet standards for grid compliance, safety and security. How is the business changing and what strategy will ultimately succeed? Leon Zhang, President of LONGi Europe, shares his view.

Looks great in the hallway, and pays off best on the right tariff

Opinion: a good battery on the wrong tariff is a bad deal

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Two identical home storage systems can deliver very different savings, depending on the household’s electricity contract, argues Randy Levine, founder of SolarClarity.co. He explains what buyers should check first.

A virtual power plant pools scattered assets and trades them as one

Lithuania – Ignitis gears up its batteries for grid balancing

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A new module from Oldenburg-based emsys VPP opens the way for the utility to offer its batteries as frequency reserves, twenty months after the Baltic states joined the continental European grid.

AlphaESS and UB Solar teams mark the end of production for the Jonava battery

Lithuania – AlphaESS storage heads for an independent Baltic grid

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Production is complete on the 60 MW/120 MWh Jonava system, which will earn its revenue from balancing services for Litgrid and trading on Nord Pool.

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What is photovoltaics?

Photovoltaics (PV) refers to the generation of electrical energy from sunlight. At the heart of this process are the solar-active semiconductors known as solar cells, which capture sunlight and convert it directly into electricity.

From a technical standpoint, a PV system or solar installation functions as a generator. Here, individual solar cells are combined into a solar module, which is protected from the elements. These modules are then assembled into a larger solar generator, which can be mounted on rooftops, façades, open ground or specially designed structures. The electricity generated is direct current (DC), which is converted into alternating current (AC) by an inverter. This AC power can be used directly on site or fed into the public grid via the building’s connection. The electricity is typically supplied to the local utility or grid operator.

Larger PV systems installed on open land are often called solar parks. These feed power into the grid via dedicated transformers and switchgear. In many countries special Acts and regulations govern remuneration for solar power, whether via feed-in tariffs or market premiums for direct sales to third parties.

Self-consumption can be increased by using solar power for heating water, room heating, air conditioning or refrigeration. Battery storage systems help by storing surplus solar electricity for later use. These so-called solar batteries improve system reliability, especially when solar output dips.

Not all incoming sunlight is converted into electricity. The conversion rate depends on the intensity and wavelength of the incoming light spectrum. This ratio between usable electrical output and the maximum available solar radiation is known as efficiency.

The performance of a solar generator or storage system is defined by its output. When multiplied by the number of sunshine hours, this gives the solar yield – the amount of electricity generated per day, month or year. In addition to charging and discharging power, solar batteries are also rated by their capacity, or the amount of energy they can store. Power is measured in kilowatts (kW) or megawatts (MW), while energy and yield are expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh) or megawatt-hours (MWh). (HS)